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Edgar is the name given to the renowned character Lupin III in certain European versions of the film, particularly the French adaptation known as Edgar de la Cambriole, which translates to Edgar the Burglar. This naming change was implemented because the rights to the Lupin name, originating from the literary works of Maurice Leblanc, were contested outside of Japan at the time of the film's distribution.

Edgar is a young man of remarkable confidence and charisma, traits befitting his status as the world's greatest gentleman thief and the grandson of the legendary literary figure Arsène Lupin. While he is frequently goofy and prone to buffoonish outbursts, this often serves as a disarming charade to catch his opponents off guard. His personality is a mix of daring showmanship and genuine artistic passion for his craft; he steals not out of material need but for the sheer thrill and challenge of the heist itself. Though known as a flirt who fancies himself a Casanova, the version of the character seen in The Castle of Cagliostro is more chivalrous and respectful than his original literary counterpart, portraying him as a gallant rogue rather than a crude womanizer. He is also shown to possess a strong, if unspoken, code of honor, refusing to steal from the poor and ultimately prioritizing justice and the well-being of others over personal gain.

In the story, Edgar and his partner Jigen are initially motivated by a purely professional curiosity. After robbing a casino and discovering the money is counterfeit, they trace the source to the small European duchy of Cagliostro to dismantle the operation and settle an old score. Upon arriving, he rescues a young woman named Clarisse from being kidnapped by the Count's henchmen, but she is soon recaptured. His motivation then shifts from a simple quest for treasure to a personal mission. Moved by an encounter with a young Clarisse, who had once helped him when he was injured years earlier, Edgar becomes determined to rescue her from her forced marriage to the tyrannical Count. This decision transforms him from a rogue chasing counterfeiters into the heroine's protector, and he ultimately seeks to steal back her freedom and her future.

Edgar's role in the narrative is that of the proactive, unconventional hero. He is the driving force who deliberately blows his cover to lure Interpol Inspector Zenigata to the castle, using the obsessive policeman as a distraction to aid his own infiltration. His actions push the plot forward, from the initial car chase and rescue to the climactic confrontation on the castle's massive clock tower. Throughout the film, he interacts closely with his key allies. Daisuke Jigen is his stoic and unflappable partner, an expert marksman who, despite often serving as the straight man to Edgar's antics, is completely loyal to him. He also calls upon Goemon Ishikawa XIII, a master swordsman capable of cutting through nearly anything, whose quiet and serious demeanor provides a contrast to Edgar's flamboyance. His complex relationship with Fujiko Mine, a self-described lady spy and occasional rival, is also present; she is often motivated by her own self-interest, though her actions ultimately help Edgar and Zenigata escape a life-threatening situation.

Edgar undergoes a subtle but significant development throughout the film. While he does not experience a radical transformation, the story reveals a more noble and sincere side beneath his usual bravado. This is most evident in his interactions with Clarisse. When faced with her youthful and genuine admiration, he does not use the opportunity for his own gratification. Instead, he gently turns her away, advising her to live her own life rather than waste it on a career criminal like himself. This action highlights Miyazaki's portrayal of Edgar as a character who, despite his profession, has a strong sense of right and wrong and prioritizes the happiness of others over his own desires. He willingly risks his life multiple times not for a financial reward, but for the singular purpose of ensuring Clarisse's safety and freedom.

Edgar possesses a wide array of notable abilities that make him a nearly unstoppable force. He is a master of disguise and a highly skilled acrobat and climber, allowing him to infiltrate the most secure locations. He displays feats of superhuman endurance and agility, surviving falls from great heights and near-fatal encounters with the castle's massive gears and water traps. He is also an accomplished fighter and a brilliant, if unorthodox, strategist whose plans often hinge on his ability to adapt to unexpected chaos. While his primary weapon is implied to be his cunning and sleight of hand, he is proficient with a variety of gadgets and enjoys driving high-speed chases in his iconic Fiat 500, which seems to defy all physical limitations. His charisma and unwavering self-belief mean he never considers failure an option, a confidence that ultimately carries him through the Count's treacherous domain.