Moisés-Jovem's life begins under Pharaoh's decree to kill newborn Hebrew boys. He escapes infanticide when his mother sets him adrift on the Nile in a basket. Pharaoh's daughter discovers and adopts him, raising him as a prince within the Egyptian royal household.

As a young man, he becomes aware of his Hebrew heritage. Witnessing his people's oppression, he kills an Egyptian overseer beating a Hebrew slave. This impulsive act forces him to flee Egypt westward to evade Pharaoh's punishment. He settles in Midian, starting a new life as a shepherd.

While tending sheep in the desert, he encounters a burning bush unconsumed by flames. A divine voice commands him to remove his sandals, declaring the ground holy. The voice identifies itself as the God of his ancestors and instructs him to return to Egypt to demand Pharaoh release the enslaved Israelites. He initially expresses reluctance and self-doubt about confronting Pharaoh and leading the people.

After receiving assurances and signs of divine support, he accepts the mission. He returns to Egypt with his brother Aaron as his spokesperson. He confronts Pharaoh, insisting on the Israelites' freedom. Pharaoh's repeated refusals bring a series of divinely sent plagues upon Egypt. Following the final plague, Pharaoh relents, allowing the Israelites to leave.

He leads the Israelite nation out of Egypt. Pursued by Pharaoh's army, they reach the Red Sea. Following divine instruction, he uses his staff to part the waters, enabling the Israelites to cross on dry ground. The sea closes behind them, destroying the pursuing Egyptian forces.

Guiding the people through the wilderness, he brings them to Mount Sinai. He ascends the mountain alone and receives stone tablets inscribed with fundamental divine laws governing the covenant between God and Israel.