Arthur Kirkland embodies both England and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. He presents as a slender 23-year-old male standing 175 cm (5'9") tall, with messy blond hair, striking lime-green eyes, and notably thick, bushy eyebrows—a trait shared by former colonies like Australia and Hong Kong, as well as his younger brother Sealand. During World War II, he wore a distinctive green military uniform complete with a brown Sam Browne belt and knee-high boots. In civilian life, he favors smart casual attire or punk fashion for leisure.

Personality-wise, England self-identifies as a gentleman yet exhibits pronounced cynicism, bluntness, and a sharp tongue, liberally using British slang like "wanker" or "bloody." He possesses a stubborn, prideful nature, deeply valuing his nation's history and often yearning for its "golden years." A defining aspect is his strong belief in magic and the supernatural; he actively practices spells, summons creatures like fairies or demons, and communicates with entities across folklore traditions, including Japanese *youkai*, though he dismisses America's belief in aliens. His hobbies encompass embroidery, literature, rock music, and criticizing American films. He is notoriously terrible at cooking, a trait that influenced America's palate during his upbringing. England also struggles with expressing emotions, leading to frequent misunderstandings, and displays tsundere tendencies, masking genuine concern with harshness.

Historically, England began as a violent pirate tormenting Spain during his youth before transitioning to colonialism and establishing territories worldwide. His childhood was marked by hostility from his brothers—Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland—who drove him away with stones and arrows. He raised America after a dispute with France and Finland, forming a close bond that fractured following the American Revolutionary War. England surrendered independence after being unable to shoot America, an event causing lasting emotional trauma; he becomes ill or heartbroken every Fourth of July and references centuries of heartbreak when intoxicated. Despite constant bickering, he retains deep, unspoken care for America. His centuries-long rivalry with France includes events like burning Jeanne d'Arc at the stake, yet they share mutual respect, collaborate against common threats, and spend Christmases together. France bullied him as a child, including a failed attempt to cut his hair into a "cool" style.

Relationships extend to other nations: He befriended Japan over shared loneliness, admires Japan's politeness, and enjoys Japanese hot springs. He reluctantly cares for Sealand, an abandoned naval fort micronation demanding recognition as a sovereign nation. He also colonized Seychelles, briefly using her as a servant. Canada remained loyal during conflicts like the War of 1812 and nursed him through illness after the American Revolution, though England often confuses him with America. He interacts sporadically with Nordic nations, such as discussing magical creatures with Norway.

Across media, England evolves from a "delinquent of Europe" to a self-styled gentleman, though his temper and colonial impulses persist. His consistent magical abilities aid in both comedic and plot-driven scenarios, like confronting extraterrestrial threats. His emotional vulnerability surfaces through alcohol-induced nostalgia, and his tsundere traits highlight unresolved affection for former colonies and allies. Despite efforts to project sophistication, his bushy eyebrows—cursed into permanence—and culinary failures serve as recurring gags. The core tension between his piratical past, colonial legacy, and aspirational gentility remains unresolved.