H.P. Lovecraft is not a creator of anime or manga. He was an American writer of weird fiction, horror, fantasy, and science fiction, active from 1917 until his death in 1937. Born on August 20, 1890 in Providence, Rhode Island, Lovecraft is best known for creating the Cthulhu Mythos, a shared universe of cosmic entities and forbidden lore that has profoundly influenced horror fiction. His literary works, which include the short stories "The Call of Cthulhu," "At the Mountains of Madness," and "The Shadow Over Innsmouth," are rooted in a personal philosophy known as cosmicism, which posits that humanity is insignificant within a vast and uncaring cosmos. Despite being virtually unknown during his lifetime, Lovecraft is now regarded as one of the most significant 20th-century authors of supernatural horror.

While Lovecraft himself had no direct involvement in the creation of manga, his written stories have served as the source material for numerous manga adaptations. These works are created by various manga artists, most notably Gou Tanabe, a Japanese manga artist born in 1975 who is especially known for his faithful adaptations of Lovecraft's literary works. Gou Tanabe has produced manga adaptations of several of Lovecraft's most famous tales, including The Colour Out of Space, The Haunter of the Dark, The Shadow Over Innsmouth, and The Hound and Other Stories. The Hound and Other Stories, published in English by Dark Horse Manga in 2017, adapts three Lovecraft stories: "The Temple," "The Hound," and "The Nameless City". The Shadow Over Innsmouth was published in English by Dark Horse Manga in 2023, and The Colour Out of Space was published in English by Dark Horse Manga in 2025. These manga editions are typically translated from Japanese, read from right to left in the traditional Japanese format, and are credited to Gou Tanabe as adapter and artist, with Lovecraft named as the original story author.

The adaptation of Lovecraft's work into manga represents a significant cross-cultural exchange, where the foundational texts of the Cthulhu Mythos are reinterpreted through the visual language and storytelling conventions of Japanese comics. The recurring themes found in these manga works are the same as those in Lovecraft's original fiction: cosmic horror, the fragility of the human mind when confronted with the unknown, forbidden knowledge, and the insignificance of humanity. The industry significance of these works lies in their ability to introduce Lovecraft's brand of weird fiction to new audiences, while also demonstrating the adaptability of his mythos across different artistic mediums and cultural contexts. Gou Tanabe's work, in particular, has been recognized for its atmospheric art and adherence to the source material, earning nominations for the Angoulême International Comics Festival Prize.