"Tarousan no Kisha" is a historical drama anime set in early 20th-century Japan, during a period of rapid modernization and industrialization. The story centers on Tarou, a young and ambitious railway engineer, whose passion for trains and dedication to his work drive the narrative. Tarou is tasked with overseeing the construction of a critical railway line that will connect remote rural areas to urban centers, symbolizing Japan's progress and the bridging of traditional and modern worlds.

The plot unfolds as Tarou faces numerous challenges, including technical difficulties, financial constraints, and resistance from local communities wary of the changes brought by the railway. His journey is marked by perseverance, innovation, and collaboration with a diverse group of characters, including fellow engineers, laborers, and townspeople. Among these characters is Hanako, a spirited local woman who becomes Tarou's ally and confidante, offering insights into the cultural and social dynamics of the region. Another key figure is Kenta, a seasoned engineer who mentors Tarou, providing wisdom and guidance while grappling with his own past failures.

As the railway project progresses, the series delves into themes of progress versus tradition, the human cost of industrialization, and the importance of community. The narrative is punctuated by moments of triumph and tragedy, reflecting the complexities of the era. Tarou's personal growth is intertwined with the broader societal changes, as he learns to balance his ambitions with empathy and respect for the people affected by his work. The anime concludes with the successful completion of the railway, a testament to Tarou's determination and the collective effort of all involved, while leaving room for reflection on the enduring impact of such transformative projects.