Lupin III's background includes an undefined ethnic origin, though older media suggests mixed French and Japanese heritage. Raised in Japan's Mahiko Village and tutored by Tomoe, his criminal career began under the Lupin Clan's influence. This evolved from a more ruthless manga portrayal—involving violence and sexual misconduct—to the anime's charismatic anti-hero who values loyalty. He leads a core team including marksman Daisuke Jigen, swordsman Goemon Ishikawa XIII, and femme fatale Fujiko Mine, though their alliances fluctuate due to conflicting agendas. His dynamic with Interpol Inspector Koichi Zenigata blends rivalry with mutual respect; they occasionally cooperate against greater threats.

In *Prison of the Past*, Lupin orchestrates a mission to infiltrate the Kingdom of Dorrente's high-security prison to rescue the legendary thief Finnegan, aiming to claim his treasure. He manipulates prison guards into arresting Zenigata and his partner through disguise and misdirection. After Finnegan betrays the team, Lupin uncovers the prison's role in black-market weapons trading. He then collaborates with Zenigata to dismantle the operation, rescue the imprisoned king, and thwart Finnegan's coup attempt. Throughout this special, Lupin demonstrates adaptability in crises, loyalty to his team during their capture, and a pragmatic willingness to ally with adversaries for justice.

His character development across the franchise highlights a shift from self-serving crime to nuanced vigilante actions, though his core traits—resourcefulness, love of challenge, and infatuation with Fujiko—remain consistent.