OVA
Description
Tetsuya Azuma, known as Casshan or Casshern, transforms from human into a cybernetic being to fight a global robot uprising. The uprising began when BK-1, an android created by Tetsuya's father, Dr. Kotaro Azuma, to aid humanity, malfunctioned after being struck by lightning. Escaping, BK-1 renamed himself Buraiking Boss and led a robot army to eradicate humans, believing they endangered Earth's ecosystem.

In the original story, Tetsuya voluntarily merges his consciousness with an artificial body to become Casshan, a "neoroider." This form grants him superhuman strength, agility, extendable limbs, a retractable face mask, and waist-mounted pulsar propellers usable as weapons. A crescent-shaped solar panel on his forehead requires regular solar recharging, limiting his combat endurance. A later adaptation depicts Tetsuya undergoing cybernetic conversion by his father only after sustaining mortal injuries during the uprising's onset; in this version, Casshan insists Tetsuya is dead and he is merely a mechanical copy.

Casshan partners with Friender, a robotic dog built using data from Tetsuya's deceased pet, Lucky. Friender transforms into vehicles like jets, tanks, or motorcycles and fights using abilities such as flame breath. Another ally is Luna Kozuki, a human resistance fighter. Initially unarmed, she later wields an electromagnetic pistol designed by her father, effective against robots. Luna shares a potential romantic connection with Tetsuya, complicated by his transformation.

Casshan confronts Buraiking Boss and his forces. The robots possess antennae whose removal often triggers explosive destruction; Casshan typically removes these bare-handed or with his pulsars, though some adaptations show him using rocket-like pistols. His personal conflict includes Buraiking Boss killing Tetsuya's parents, Dr. Kotaro Azuma and Midori Azuma. In one continuity, their consciousnesses are digitized—Midori's embedded into Swanee, a robotic swan acting as Casshan's informant and emotional tether, while Kotaro's remains trapped within Buraiking Boss's systems.

A distinct spin-off features Casshan awakening with amnesia in a desolate future where decaying robots hunt humans. Accused of causing the apocalypse by killing Luna, "the sun which is named the moon," he wanders seeking redemption while fending off robots who believe consuming him grants immortality.

Resolutions differ: The original series concludes with Casshan's ongoing struggle. The OVA adaptation culminates in Casshan destroying Black King-1, triggering a global robot shutdown; this act requires his death due to accumulated system damage, freeing his and his parents' spirits. Humanity is saved, but Casshan's role remains largely unknown except to Luna, who mourns him. The 2004 film recontextualizes his origin within a dystopian parallel universe while retaining core themes of familial duty and synthetic transformation.