"Ore ga Ojō-sama Gakkō ni 'Shomin Sample' Toshite Rachirareta Ken" centers on Kimito Kagurazaka, a high school student from a modest background who is kidnapped and brought to Seikain Academy, an elite all-girls school for wealthy and sheltered young women. The academy's administrators select Kimito as a "commoner sample" to help the students understand the outside world, as they are largely isolated from society and lack knowledge of ordinary life. To ensure his cooperation, Kimito is threatened with severe consequences if he reveals the truth about his abduction or the school's intentions.

At Seikain Academy, Kimito interacts with several key characters, including Aika Tenkūbashi, the cheerful and curious daughter of a wealthy family; Hakua Shiodome, a shy and reserved girl with a passion for animals; and Reiko Arisugawa, a strict and disciplined student council president. Each of these characters represents different facets of the sheltered upbringing typical of the academy's students, and their interactions with Kimito gradually expose them to new perspectives and experiences.

The narrative explores the cultural and social gaps between Kimito and the students, often through comedic and lighthearted situations. Kimito's presence challenges the girls' preconceived notions about the world, while he, in turn, learns about their unique lifestyles and values. The story balances humor with moments of character growth, as the students begin to question their isolation and consider the possibilities of life beyond the academy.

Throughout the series, Kimito navigates the challenges of his role as the "commoner sample," often finding himself in awkward or absurd situations due to the girls' lack of worldly knowledge. Despite the comedic tone, the story occasionally touches on deeper themes, such as the impact of privilege, the value of diverse perspectives, and the importance of personal growth. The dynamic between Kimito and the students evolves over time, with friendships forming and mutual understanding deepening, even as the absurd premise of his situation remains a central source of humor.