Pegasus Seiya is an orphan separated from his sister Seika in childhood after being recruited into the Graad Foundation orphanage established by his biological father, Mitsumasa Kido. He underwent six years of rigorous training at the Sanctuary in Greece under the Silver Saint Eagle Marin, driven by the promise that earning the Pegasus Bronze Cloth would help reunite him with his sister. Returning to Japan and discovering Seika still missing, he entered the Galaxian Wars tournament to gain visibility for his search, marking his entry into larger conflicts involving gods and Saints.
Initially motivated by personal goals, his purpose expanded to protecting Athena—the reincarnated goddess Saori Kido—and defending humanity. Seiya embodies unwavering determination, resilience against impossible odds, and fierce loyalty to friends and justice. Though impulsive and brash, he displays strategic cunning in combat, frequently analyzing opponents' weaknesses mid-battle. He adheres to a personal moral code refusing to harm female adversaries, except under extreme duress.
His abilities focus on manipulating Cosmos, the universal energy within all beings. Key techniques are the Pegasus Meteor Fist, launching high-speed energy projectiles, and the Pegasus Comet Fist, concentrating cosmic energy into a single devastating strike. Through battles against Gold Saints, Poseidon's Mariners, and deities, he achieved critical sensory milestones:
- The 7th Sense unlocked light-speed movement and universe-defying power.
- The 8th Sense granted soul-body control for resurrection and afterlife navigation.
- The 9th Sense (Godhood) elevated him to divine-tier power.
His Bronze Cloth evolved through repairs and divine enhancements, notably becoming the Pegasus God Cloth during the Elysium conflict.
In the Hades Chapter, he journeyed into the Underworld with fellow Saints to confront Hades, traversing realms like the Ice Forest and Cocytus. Mastery of the 8th Sense enabled his survival in the spirit realm. During the assault on Elysium, Athena's blood temporarily transformed his Cloth into the God Cloth, empowering him to fly and battle deities like Hypnos and Thanatos. He ultimately struck Hades with a divine arrow, though the act critically wounded him.
Beyond the original series, Seiya appears in various spin-offs:
- In "Saint Seiya Omega," he serves as the Sagittarius Gold Saint and mentor to the new Pegasus Saint Kōga, whom he raised alongside Athena. He battles deities such as Abzu and Saturn, demonstrating evolved techniques like the Atomic Thunderbolt. His relationship with Athena deepens, viewing her as "Saori" beyond her divine status.
- "Legend of Sanctuary" and "Episode G Assassin" depict alternative timelines where he wields the Sagittarius Cloth and god-slaying weapons.
- "Next Dimension" explores his role in a time-traveling conflict, reinforcing his connection to past Pegasus Saints.
Physically, Seiya stands approximately 165 cm tall with spiky brown hair (reddish in manga art) and typically wears civilian attire like a red shirt and jeans. His reincarnation ties connect him to the mythical first Pegasus Saint who wounded Hades and the 18th-century Saint Tenma. Family bonds extend to fellow Saints revealed as half-siblings through Mitsumasa Kido.