"Locodol" centers around Nanako Usami, a high school girl who is unexpectedly recruited to become a local idol, or "locodol," for her town, Nagarekawa. Initially hesitant, Nanako agrees to the role to support her family’s struggling business. She is paired with Yukari Kohinata, a cheerful and energetic classmate who is already an experienced locodol. Together, they form the idol unit "Nagarekawa Girls," promoting their town through various events, performances, and promotional activities.

The series explores the daily lives of Nanako and Yukari as they navigate the challenges of being local idols. Their responsibilities range from performing at festivals and appearing on local TV shows to participating in community events and even mundane tasks like handing out flyers. The narrative highlights the contrast between Nanako’s initial reluctance and Yukari’s enthusiasm, as well as their growing friendship and teamwork. Over time, Nanako begins to embrace her role, finding joy in connecting with the community and supporting her town.

Other characters include Mirai Mitani, a younger girl who idolizes Nanako and Yukari and later joins their unit, and Yui Mitsumori, a more experienced locodol from a neighboring town who occasionally collaborates with them. The series also introduces the girls’ manager, Uogokoro-kun, a mascot character who provides guidance and comic relief. The interactions between the characters emphasize themes of community, perseverance, and the importance of local pride.

"Locodol" balances lighthearted humor with moments of sincerity, portraying the realities of being a small-scale idol without the glamour of national fame. The series focuses on the girls’ efforts to bring attention to their town and the personal growth they experience along the way. Through its episodic structure, the anime showcases the everyday struggles and triumphs of local idols, offering a grounded and relatable perspective on the idol genre.