"Kūsen Madōshi Kōhosei no Kyōkan" is set in a world where humanity faces constant threats from mysterious creatures known as "Devils." To combat these threats, humanity relies on aerial mages, skilled individuals who wield both magic and advanced technology. The story centers on Kanata Age, a former elite mage who has been stripped of his rank and reputation due to a past incident. Despite his fall from grace, Kanata is assigned as an instructor to a group of rookie mages at the Alzano Imperial Magic Academy.

The main characters include Kanata Age, who possesses exceptional combat skills and a laid-back demeanor, often masking his deeper sense of responsibility. His students consist of Misora Whitale, a determined and hardworking mage with a strong sense of justice; Lecty Eisenach, a reserved and analytical individual with a mysterious past; and Rico Flamel, a cheerful and energetic girl who often provides comic relief. Together, they form a dysfunctional yet capable team under Kanata's guidance.

The narrative unfolds as Kanata trains his students, helping them overcome their personal struggles and grow as mages. The group faces various challenges, including internal conflicts, rivalries with other mage teams, and the ever-present threat of the Devils. As the story progresses, Kanata's past is gradually revealed, shedding light on the incident that led to his downfall and his connection to the ongoing conflict with the Devils.

The series balances action, character development, and world-building, exploring themes of redemption, teamwork, and the weight of responsibility. The interactions between Kanata and his students drive much of the emotional core, as they learn to trust each other and confront their own limitations. The plot builds toward a climactic confrontation with the Devils, testing the group's resolve and unity. Throughout, the series maintains a focus on the growth of its characters and their journey to become capable aerial mages.