"Texhnolyze" is a dystopian science fiction anime set in the underground city of Lux, a decaying urban environment plagued by violence, poverty, and social stratification. The city is controlled by three factions: the Organo, a crime syndicate with ties to the city's Texhnolyze technology; the Salvation Union, a group opposing the Organo and Texhnolyzation; and the Racan, a gang of street thugs. The story explores themes of existentialism, societal collapse, and the human condition through its bleak and introspective narrative.

The protagonist, Ichise, is a former prize fighter who loses an arm and a leg after defying the Organo. He is saved by a scientist named Eriko Kamata, who replaces his lost limbs with Texhnolyze prosthetics, advanced biomechanical implants that grant enhanced abilities but come at a psychological and physical cost. Ichise becomes entangled in the power struggles between the factions, his journey marked by a search for purpose in a world devoid of meaning.

Another central character is Ran, a young girl with precognitive abilities who serves as a silent observer of Lux's decline. Her visions hint at the city's inevitable destruction, and her presence ties the fates of the characters together. Yoshii, an outsider from the surface, arrives in Lux with his own agenda, manipulating events to accelerate the city's collapse. His actions further destabilize the fragile balance of power, pushing Lux toward its ultimate demise.

As the story progresses, the conflicts between the factions escalate, leading to widespread violence and chaos. The Texhnolyze technology, initially a symbol of progress, becomes a source of suffering and alienation for its users. The narrative delves into the psychological toll of living in a broken society, with characters grappling with their identities, desires, and the futility of their struggles. The series culminates in a haunting and ambiguous conclusion, reflecting the inevitability of entropy and the fragility of human existence.